Psoriatic Arthritis- Symptom, Cause, Treatment, Self Care
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What is Psoriatic Arthritis?
Psoriatic Arthritis is a form of arthritis that affects some people who have psoriasis, a condition that features red patches of skin topped with silvery scales. This autoimmune disease primarily causes joint pain and stiffness, and it can affect any part of the body, including fingertips and spine. It can range from relatively mild to severe and, if not treated, can lead to joint damage.
What are the Signs and Symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis?
- Swollen, painful joints and tenderness.
- Stiffness, especially in the morning or after resting.
- Pitted nails or separation from the nail bed.
- Red patches of skin covered with thick, silvery scales (psoriasis).
- Fatigue and reduced range of motion.
What Causes Psoriatic Arthritis?
While the exact cause of Psoriatic Arthritis isn’t fully understood, it’s believed to involve a combination of genetic, immune, and environmental factors. The immune system attacks healthy cells and tissue, leading to inflammation in the joints and overproduction of skin cells.
What are the Risk Factors for Psoriatic Arthritis?
- Having psoriasis is the biggest risk factor.
- Family history of psoriatic arthritis or psoriasis.
- Age: Most commonly develops between the ages of 30 and 50.
How to Diagnose Psoriatic Arthritis?
- Physical Examination: Assessing joints for swelling, tenderness, and range of motion.
- Imaging Tests: X-rays, MRI, and ultrasound to look for joint damage and inflammation.
- Blood Tests: To rule out other types of arthritis.
Who Should Diagnose and Treat Psoriatic Arthritis?
Diagnosis and treatment should be managed by a rheumatologist, possibly in coordination with a dermatologist for skin-related symptoms.
How to Treat Psoriatic Arthritis?
- Medications: NSAIDs, DMARDs, and biologics.
- Physical Therapy: To improve joint flexibility and strength.
- Lifestyle Changes: Including diet and exercise modifications.
Complications with Psoriatic Arthritis
- Severe joint damage if left untreated.
- Increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Other conditions like type 2 diabetes and obesity.
Self-Care with Psoriatic Arthritis
- Skin Care: Regular moisturizing and avoiding triggers that worsen psoriasis.
- Joint Protection: Using supportive aids and avoiding strain on joints.
- Stress Management: Stress can trigger both joint and skin symptoms.
- Healthy Diet: Emphasizing anti-inflammatory foods can be beneficial.